Lupus
Cutaneous Lupus
Understanding the Forms, Causes, and Treatments
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a type of autoimmune disease that causes skin inflammation. It can occur as an isolated skin disease or in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation throughout the body, including the skin. CLE affects just the skin, without other lupus symptoms. Lupus is a mysterious disease, affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, and many other organs. Ninety percent of those with lupus are women, and the disease is disproportionately common in women of color.
What are the forms of cutaneous lupus?There are three main forms of cutaneous lupus:
- Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE): This is the most common form of cutaneous lupus. It causes red, scaly patches on the skin that can be itchy and painful. These patches can lead to scarring and hair loss.
- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE): This form of cutaneous lupus causes red, scaly patches on the skin that are usually located on the arms, shoulders, neck, and trunk. These patches can be itchy and can lead to scarring.
- Lupus profundus (LP): This form of cutaneous lupus causes deep nodules or lumps under the skin. These nodules can be painful and can lead to scarring.
The exact cause of cutaneous lupus is not fully understood, but it’s believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some people may be more prone to developing cutaneous lupus due to their genetics, while others may develop it as a result of exposure to sunlight or certain medications.
How is cutaneous lupus treated?Treatment for cutaneous lupus depends on the type and severity of the condition. Treatment options include:
- Topical medications: These are creams or ointments that are applied directly to the skin to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms.
- Oral medications: These are medications that are taken by mouth to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
- Light therapy: This involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.
- Lifestyle changes: Avoiding sun exposure and wearing protective clothing can help prevent flare-ups of cutaneous lupus.
- Surgery: In severe cases of cutaneous lupus, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or repair scarring.
Videos
Lupus
Overview
Symptoms
Causes
Myths
Treatment
Overview
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease, meaning that the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues. When this involves the skin, it’s often referred to as skin lupus. Discoid lupus is a form of skin lupus that specifically causes a rash that can lead to scarring.
Symptoms
Lupus can cause a wide range of symptoms, depending on which body systems are affected. Symptoms can include fatigue, joint pain, fever, and kidney dysfunction. However, one of the most notable signs of lupus is a rash, often referred to as skin lupus.
Discoid lupus, a specific type of skin lupus, presents as round, red patches that mainly affect skin exposed to the sun. Over time, these areas can become thick, scaly, and may cause scarring. The discoid lupus rash is usually painless but can be itchy and uncomfortable.
Causes
The exact cause of lupus is unknown, but it’s believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Certain triggers such as sunlight, infections, and certain medications can cause lupus or exacerbate symptoms.
Exposure to sunlight can lead to the development of the skin lupus rash or can cause an existing rash to get worse, particularly in the case of discoid lupus. Myths
One myth about lupus is that it is contagious. This is not true – lupus is an autoimmune disease, not an infectious one. It cannot be passed from person to person.
Another myth is that only systemic lupus is serious. The reality is that all forms of lupus, including skin lupus and discoid lupus, can have a significant impact on a person’s life and require management to prevent complications.
Finally, some people believe that skin lupus or discoid lupus only affects the skin’s appearance. In fact, the inflammation associated with discoid lupus can lead to permanent scarring and changes in skin color. In some cases, discoid lupus can also involve the scalp, leading to permanent hair loss.
Treatment
Lupus, including skin lupus and discoid lupus, does not have a cure, but the symptoms can often be managed with treatment. The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and minimize damage to body tissues.
Treatment typically includes medications to reduce inflammation and regulate the immune system. These can range from anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids to more potent immunosuppressive drugs.
For skin lupus and discoid lupus, treatments might also include creams or ointments to reduce inflammation and help prevent scarring. In some cases, injections of corticosteroids directly into the lesions may be helpful.
For all people with lupus, including those with skin lupus or discoid lupus, it’s crucial to protect the skin from the sun. This includes wearing protective clothing and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30.
In conclusion, lupus, including skin lupus and discoid lupus, is a serious condition that can have a profound impact on a person’s life. But with appropriate treatment and lifestyle modifications, many people with lupus can lead active, healthy lives. It’s crucial to work closely with your healthcare provider to manage your lupus effectively.
For More Information:
Lupus (NIH) or Lupus.org.FAQs About Lupus
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